Goldenrod Solidago is Actually Beneficial for Seasonal Allergies!

In case you were wondering, it’s highly unlikely that your fall allergies are caused by this beautiful plant. Not only are there many proven Goldenrod benefits, Solidago plants can actually help remedy seasonal allergies!

So if you have fall allergies, chances are it’s another golden fall flower familiar to many as ragweed, and not the helpful Goldenrod (Solidago spp.).

Goldenrod (Solidago) doesn’t cause fall allergies.

Where Does Goldenrod Grow?

Native to North American and parts of Europe, Goldenrod is a perennial plant commonly found in meadows, fields, and along country roadsides. Known for its tall stalks and bright yellow flowers, Goldenrod benefits and uses are about more than just a pretty wildflower.

Though often blamed, Goldenrod is NOT the cause of the common late summer / early fall allergies!

Goldenrod Benefits and Uses Summarized

All parts of the Goldenrod plant are used from flowers, to leaves, stems and roots. However the most often used are the flowers and leaves.

Traditional Ethnobotanical Uses of Goldenrod

Goldenrod has a rich history of traditional and ethnobotanical uses, cutting across different cultures and continents. Most commonly, it has been prized for its role in treating urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and digestive issues.

Native American communities have utilized Goldenrod for respiratory complaints, wound healing, and as a general wellness tonic. From the European perspective, it has also been employed for its anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties.

Goldenrod leaves, flowers, and even stems are used in various preparations such as teas, tinctures, and poultices, making it a versatile herb in traditional medicine.

Scientifically Proven Goldenrod Benefits

In modern times, scientific research on Goldenrod has begun to validate what many cultures have known for centuries or even millennia. Numerous studies have focused on validating its tradition use, including goldenrod’s diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.

Numerous Solidago spp. studied have shown promise in treating urinary tract conditions and has potential cardiovascular benefits, thanks to its antioxidant capacities. Specific species like Solidago gigantea have demonstrated spasmolytic effects, while others like Solidago graminifolia and Solidago altissima have been studied for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits, respectively.

Goldenrod (Solidago spp.) Taxonomy

• Domain: Eukaryota – (contain a clearly defined nucleus)
  • Kingdom: Plantae – (includes all land plants with more than 250,000 species)
    • Subkingdom: Viridiplantae – (literally means “green plants” comprised of ~450,000–500,000 species)
      • Division: Tracheophyta (or Vascular plants)
        • Subdivision: Spermatophytina (or Seed plants)
          • Class: Magnoliopsida or Angiosperms – (produce seeds encased in “fruits”)
            • Subclass: Asteridae – (43 families of mostly sympetalous herbs, some trees and shrubs mostly with 2 fused carpels)
              • Order: Asterales – (a dicotyledonous order of flowering plants)
                • Family: Asteraceae, formerly Compositae – 600 genera having dense star-shaped flowers.
                  • Genus: Solidago – (The Latin name Solidago from solidum agere, meaning to make firm, whole, healthy)
                    • Species: Solidago spp. (There are over 100 species)

Note: The term “spp.” is used to indicate that the information pertains to multiple species within the genus Solidago.

This hierarchical structure demonstrates the classification of Goldenrod from its broadest category (Domain) to its most specific (Species). Each level provides more detailed information about the plant’s characteristics and relationships to other organisms.

Not only does goldenrod have many wonderful benefits that we’ll cover shortly, but its very name speaks to that.

Goldenrod Etymological Meaning

The botanical name for Goldenrod, “Solidago,” carries an etymological meaning that hints at its purported medicinal properties. The name derives from the Latin words “solidus” and “agere,” which together mean “to make whole” or “to heal.”

This is a strong indicator as to the plant’s long-standing reputation as a healing herb. Goldenrod medicinal uses range from wounds to digestive issues. Here are a few names from other country’s etymology.

Goldenrod Etymology

• Italian – the herb is known as “Vara de oro,” translating to “Rod of Gold,” emphasizing both its golden color and its esteemed status.
• French – “Verge d’or,” carries a similar meaning, translating to “Golden Rod,” again highlighting its golden hue and its rod-like appearance.
• German, the plant is called “Goldrute,” which also directly translates to “Golden Rod.”

Across these languages, the common theme emphasizes both the color and the traditional healing value of the plant, reinforces its longstanding importance in traditional medicine and cultural practices.

Common Names for Goldenrod

Here are some common names for Goldenrod, along with the countries or regions where these names are prevalent, (Iisted alphabetically with US names in bold):

• Aaron’s Rod (United Kingdom)
• Blue Mountain Tea (Appalachian region, United States)
• Canadese Guldenroede (Netherlands)
• Goldenrod (United States, Canada, United Kingdom)
• Goldrute (Germany, German-speaking regions)
• Gullris (Sweden)
• Pilört (Sweden)
• Solidago (Latin name, used internationally)
• Vara de Oro (Italy, Spain)
• Verge d’Or (France, French-speaking regions)
• Woundwort (United States)
• Yellow Weed (United States)
• Zlatovláska (Czech Republic)
• Zwyczajna (Poland)

Note that these common names may vary even within a specific country or region, and Goldenrod might have additional local names that are not listed here.

Some Scientifically Proven Goldenrod Benefits & Uses

Since the very meaning of Golden Rod’s botanical genus name, comes from the Latin word “solida,” meaning to make whole, (as mentioned above under the etymological origin), it’s no surprise that there are many medicinal goldenrod benefits and uses befitting its namesake.

The meaning of Goldenrod’s Latin name, Solidago, means to make firm, whole, and healthy.

Anti-Inflammatory Properties

One of the most widely studied attributes of Goldenrod is its anti-inflammatory potential. Various studies have shown that flavonoids, compounds found in Goldenrod, exhibit anti-inflammatory effects that may help manage conditions such as arthritis. But there are many other health issues caused by inflammation, so to reduce inflammation helps overall health immensely.^[1]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1497695/^[2]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761148/^[3]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7710440/

Antimicrobial Activity

Goldenrod is also shown to possess antimicrobial properties that can be effective against certain types of bacteria and fungi. While it’s not a substitute for antibiotics, some people use Goldenrod-based tinctures or teas as a complementary therapy.^[4]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6680997/

Antioxidant Goldenrod Benefits

Goldenrod is also known for its antioxidant properties, attributed primarily to its rich flavonoid content. Antioxidants are compounds that help neutralize free radicals in the body, reducing oxidative stress and potentially lowering the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer.

Studies have shown that Goldenrod extracts can effectively scavenge free radicals, offering protective benefits at the cellular level. These antioxidant capabilities not only validate some of the plant’s traditional uses but also open the door for potential new applications.

Some of these include support for cardiovascular health and as a complementary therapy in cancer treatment regimens. As always, further research is needed to fully understand the scope of Goldenrod’s antioxidant benefits.^[5]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6680997/^[6] … Continue reading

Studies have shown that Goldenrod extracts can effectively scavenge free radicals, offering protection at the cellular level.

Antispasmodics

Extracts from this particular species have shown promise in relaxing smooth muscle tissue, thereby reducing spasms in various parts of the body. This antispasmodic property makes it a potential natural remedy for conditions like gastrointestinal cramps, muscle spasms, and even symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).^[7]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7710440/

Diuretic Effects

Goldenrod has been studied for its diuretic properties. The plant’s ability to increase urine production can help with flushing out urinary tract infections and may aid in kidney function.^[8]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7710440/

Edema and Gout

Studies revealed Solidago virgaurea to be beneficial in alleviating inflammation induced gout and urinary tract inflammation.

Lab studies show that the extract of Solidago virgaurea contains anti-inflammatory properties slightly inferior to the anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac. Further, that goldenrod benefits include reduction of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).^[9]https://www.mdpi.com/2218-0532/89/2/27

Studies show that goldenrod benefits include spasmolytic and anti-inflammatory properties almost equal to that of diclofenac medication.

Respiratory Aid

The anti-inflammatory compounds in Goldenrod could potentially assist in treating respiratory conditions like bronchitis or asthma, although more research is needed to confirm its efficacy in this regard.^[10]https://ndnr.com/autoimmuneallergy-medicine/solidago-an-inflammation-modulator/

Traditional Ethnobotanical Uses

These next Goldenrod benefits are from traditional cultural uses of this wonderful plant.

Cold Symptoms

A tea can be made from the leaves and dried flowers, and was drunk by the Cherokee for colds, coughs, fever and calming.^[11]https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/solidago/odora/

Wound Healing

Native American tribes have been known to use Goldenrod for its wound-healing abilities. The plant’s antiseptic qualities were often harnessed to treat minor cuts, burns, and other skin injuries.^[12]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8847841/

Digestive Aid

Goldenrod has also traditionally been used as a digestive aid. The plant’s potential to stimulate bile flow could help with indigestion and other gastrointestinal issues.

Pain Relief

The anti-inflammatory properties of Goldenrod have been exploited for pain relief in traditional medicine. A poultice of the plant’s leaves and flowers was often applied to aching joints and muscles.

Ritualistic and Spiritual Uses

In some cultures, Goldenrod is believed to have spiritual benefits, including the ability to bring good fortune or ward off evil spirits. It has been used in various rituals and as a component of spiritual medicine bundles.

How to Use Goldenrod

Goldenrod Parts Used Medicinally

Leaves:

• Uses: The leaves of Goldenrod are frequently used for making herbal teas and tinctures. They are rich in flavonoids and tannins.
• Applications: Conditions such as urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and gastrointestinal issues may be treated with Goldenrod leaf preparations.

Flowers:

• Uses: The yellow flowers are usually harvested at the peak of their bloom and can be used fresh or dried. They are also rich in flavonoids and other antioxidants.
• Applications: They can be used for teas, tinctures, and even as a topical poultice for skin irritations and wounds.

Stems:

• Uses: While less common than leaves and flowers, the stems can also be used in various medicinal preparations.
• Applications: Generally, the stems are included in more comprehensive whole-plant extracts, offering a broader range of phytonutrients.

Roots:

• Uses: The roots are less commonly used but do appear in some traditional medicine systems.
• Applications: They are generally harvested in the fall and used in decoctions for treating conditions like arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.

Forms Used for Enjoying Goldenrod Benefits

• Tea: Dried leaves and flowers are used to make a soothing herbal tea.
• Tincture: An alcohol-based tincture can be made for a more concentrated form.
• Poultice: Fresh or dried leaves can be mashed into a poultice for topical applications.
• Edible: Numerous edible benefits. See below at ‘Is Goldenrod Edible’, for more on uses.
• Essential Oil: While less common, Goldenrod essential oil is available and can be used topically or for aromatherapy.

General Dosing for Goldenrod: Tea and Tinctures

These are general dosing guidelines based on standard herbal practices and are no substitute for direct recommendations by your healthcare advisor for your specific needs.^[13]https://ndnr.com/autoimmuneallergy-medicine/solidago-an-inflammation-modulator/

Goldenrod Tea:

Steep 2-3 teaspoons of dried Goldenrod flowers in 8 ounces of hot water for 10-15 minutes. Strain and drink up to three cups daily.

Goldenrod Tincture:

20-40 drops of Goldenrod tincture can be taken up to three times daily. Dilute the tincture in a little water before consumption.

These dosages are approximate and may differ based on the specific species of Goldenrod, individual health conditions, and other factors. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Note: Goldenrod can cause allergic reactions in some people, especially those who are allergic to plants in the Asteraceae family. Always start with a lower dose to test for any adverse reactions.

Is Goldenrod Edible?

Yes! Beyond its medicinal and ornamental uses, Goldenrod has various parts that are edible and can be incorporated into a variety of dishes and beverages. Here are some of the edible uses of goldenrod:

1. Goldenrod Tea: Perhaps the most common edible use, goldenrod leaves and flowers can be steeped to make a fragrant herbal tea. The flavor is mild with a hint of anise or licorice.
2. Goldenrod Jelly: The bright yellow flowers can be used to make a delicately flavored jelly, which often takes on a beautiful golden hue.
3. Salad Ingredient: Young leaves and flower buds of goldenrod can be added raw to salads. They impart a slightly bitter, yet aromatic flavor, similar to some lettuces.
4. Cooked Green: Older leaves can be cooked like spinach or any other leafy green, but mixed with other cookable greens is best else the flavor might be too strong for some palettes.
5. Goldenrod Flower Syrup: The flowers can be simmered in a sugar solution to make a sweet syrup, which can then be used in a variety of desserts or as a pancake and waffle topping.
6. Flavoring for Baked Goods: Both the leaves and flowers can be incorporated into baked goods like cookies or bread for a unique flavor twist.
7. Fritters: Goldenrod flowers can be dipped in a light batter and fried to make goldenrod fritters.
8. Natural Food Coloring: The vibrant yellow flowers can be used to impart color to various dishes, especially when a natural alternative to artificial dyes is sought.

While goldenrod offers these edible uses, it’s essential to ensure proper identification before consumption, as other plants might look similar but may not be edible or could even be toxic. It’s also worth noting that some individuals might be allergic to goldenrod, especially those with sensitivity to plants in the Asteraceae family. Always try a small amount first to ensure there’s no adverse reaction.

6 Popular Goldenrod Species of North America and Europe

Which are the most medicinal goldenrod? The good news is that while all goldenrod species can be used medicinally, only a few varieties have actually made their way into scientific studies. We include some of those below.

1. Solidago altissima: Known as tall goldenrod, this North American native species is frequently used in traditional herbal medicine. Solidago altissima has been studied for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, making it useful for a range of conditions including respiratory and urinary tract infections. The plant is rich in various phytochemicals, such as flavonoids and saponins, that contribute to its medicinal benefits. Its tall stature and vibrant yellow flowers make it easily identifiable, and it is often used both for its therapeutic properties and ornamental value.
2. Solidago canadensis: Native to North America, this species is often used for similar purposes as S. virgaurea, and have also been found beneficial for these uses:^[14] … Continue reading
   • Antibacterial
   • Antimutagenic
   • Antioxidant
3. Solidago gigantea: This species is commonly used in North American herbal medicine but is considered invasive in some European countries. The proven benefits are similar to that of S. canadensis and S. virgaurea, and it was also specifically studied and proven to have moderate spasmolytic properties.^[15]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7710440/^[16] … Continue reading
4. S. graminifolia:  Also known as grass-leaved goldenrod, this species has shown promise in various pharmacological applications, including:^[17]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6680997/^[18]https://www.northcreeknurseries.com/plantName/Solidago-graminifolia-
   • antibacterial capacity against Staphylococcus aureus
   • antifungal – beneficial for Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis
   • anti-inflammatory potential
   • antioxidant capacities
5. Solidago odora: Another North American plant, the S. odora is also known as sweet goldenrod, this species has a pleasant, anise-like aroma and is often used for digestive issues as well as for gently sweet herbal tea.
6. Solidago virgaurea: This European species is well-studied and proven to be beneficial for most or all of the benefits listed above. However, it has also been used traditionally used for:^[19] … Continue reading
   • urinary tract infections
   • kidney stones
   • arthritis

Any goldenrod species can be used medicinally, and identification to the species level is not essential—this is welcome news!

~Chestnut School of Medicine^[20]https://chestnutherbs.com/

Additional Goldenrod Benefits to Consider

We have not found a side-by-side comparison of the beneficial properties of the different goldenrod species. However, that would be exceedingly difficult to do because of the possibility of some the following circumstances. Traditional uses indicated benefits across all in the Solidago spp. genre.

1. Chemical Composition: Different species may have varying levels of flavonoids, saponins, and other active compounds, affecting their efficacy for specific medicinal applications. However, scientific validation of that information is hard to come by for all species. For those plants it’s helpful, though not conclusive, to cast a gaze upon the traditional lore which benefits are often validated through centuries of use.
2. Local Adaptation: Native species are often better adapted to local pests and diseases, which can influence their chemical composition and medicinal quality. It makes sense that thriving plants will be higher in beneficial properties.
3. Traditional Knowledge: Local and indigenous communities may have specific knowledge about which species are best for particular uses, based on centuries of traditional use. Not proven scientifically doesn’t mean that it’s invalid, especially if culturally observed to be effective. Even if in cases where it may be the placebo affect, that too is a proven thing!*
4. Scientific Validation: Not all studies on Goldenrod’s medicinal properties differentiate between species, so it’s difficult to make a clear comparison of their relative effectiveness.

*See The Intention Experiment by Lynne McTaggart and You Are the Placebo by Dr. Joe Dispenza.

Other Medicinal Wildflowers Worth Knowing

You may also enjoy our articles on other favorite medicinal wildflowers that are a part of the large asteraceae family that goldenrod belongs to:

• Black Eyed Susan
• Daisy Fleabane
• Queen Anne’s Lace
• Yarrow

Precautions and Side Effects

Before using Goldenrod for medicinal purposes, it’s wise to consult check and double check the species for proper identification. Also, good to consult with knowledgeable practitioners, especially for those who are pregnant, nursing, or taking other medications.

As with any medicine, always exercise caution and consider possible allergies or interactions with other medications you may be taking.

Conclusion

Goldenrod is a versatile plant with a long history of traditional medicinal uses and a growing body of scientific research to back some of its potential benefits. From acting as a natural anti-inflammatory to its role in traditional healing rituals, Goldenrod continues to be a subject of interest in the natural health community. Whether used in tea, tincture, or poultice, Goldenrod offers a variety of ways to harness its natural powers.